Sunday 14 March 2010

The Book of Disquiet by Fernando Pessoa

Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935) is most famous for his use of heteronyms, a series of imaginary characters that he used to write in a variety of styles.
Pessoa employed dozens of these throughout his life including:
Alberto Caeiro, a shepherd, Pastoral poet and Pessoa's 'Master'.
Ricardo Reis, a Doctor and Neoclassical poet.
Alvaro de Campos, a decadent student of Naval Engineering in Glasgow and Futurist poet.
Rafael Baldaya, an astrologer and author.
Charles Robert Anon, a poet and philosopher.
A.A. Crosse, a puzzle expert and author.

Bernado Soares was the heteronym that Pessoa created for 'The Book of Disquiet.'
According to Pessoa he first met Soares when they were both dining at a restaurant in Lisbon.
A fist fight broke out on the street outside and both men went to the window to see what was happening. They began to chat as the fracas subsided and a friendship developed.
Soares was an admirer of Pessoa's work and eventually showed him some writing he had been doing himself. Pessoa took this writing and planned to arrange to have it published under the title 'The Book of Disquiet.'
In actual fact 'The Book of Disquiet' was never published in Pessoa's lifetime.
Over the course of his life Pessoa was published in a number of literary journals in Lisbon, self published some of his poems in English and , the year before he died, his epic patriotic work 'Message' won second prize in a national competition and was published in Portugal.
'The Book of Disquiet' was a project that Pessoa worked on throughout his life but never managed to compile a definitive edition.
He described his work on it as '...fragments, fragments, fragments...' and '...broken, disconnected pieces...'
After his death his papers revealed a vast quantity of work. There are 25,000 pages of his unedited manuscripts in the National Library of Portugal.
Some of this was marked 'Book of Disquiet' or 'BD'. Others had the same marks but with a question mark next to it or a slash and another potential use or 'author' for the work.
Pessoa was undecided whether the book should consist entirely of prose or should include poetry and even considered sharing the 'credit' for the work between Soares and another heteronym, Vicente Guedes.
Arguably, 'The Book of Disquiet' can never truly be completed.
Various editors have put together editions using pieces that Pessoa had marked out for this work but the definitive edition died with Pessoa.
We are left with fragments...

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